* Generic Name: efavirenz
* Brand Name: Sustiva
* What is efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* What are the possible side effects of efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* What is the most important information I should know about
efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking
efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* How should I take efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* What happens if I miss a dose (Sustiva)?
* What happens if I overdose (Sustiva)?
* What should I avoid while taking efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* What other drugs will affect efavirenz (Sustiva)?
* Where can I get more information (Sustiva)?
What is efavirenz (Sustiva)?
Efavirenz is an antiviral medicine that prevents human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from multiplying in your body.
Efavirenz is used to treat HIV, the virus that can cause acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Efavirenz is for adults and
children who are at least 3 months old and weigh at least 8 pounds.
Efavirenz is not a cure for HIV or AIDS.
Efavirenz may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication
guide.
What are the possible side effects of efavirenz (Sustiva)?
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction:
hives; difficult breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or
throat.
Call your doctor at once if you have:
* a seizure (convulsions);
* liver problems--nausea, upper stomach pain, loss of appetite,
dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the
skin or eyes); or
* severe skin reaction--fever, sore throat, swelling in your face
or tongue, redness or burning in your eyes, skin pain, followed by
a red or purple skin rash that spreads (especially in the face or
upper body) and causes blistering and peeling.
Efavirenz may cause serious psychiatric symptoms including
confusion, severe depression (feeling sad or hopeless), suicidal
thoughts, anxiety, paranoia, hallucinations, trouble speaking
or moving, or unusual behavior. Contact your doctor at once if you
have any of these side effects, even if you have had them before.
Efavirenz may increase your risk of certain infections or
autoimmune disorders by changing the way your immune system
works. Symptoms may occur weeks or months after you start treatment
with efavirenz. Tell your doctor if you have:
* signs of a new infection--fever, night sweats, swollen glands,
mouth sores, diarrhea, stomach pain, weight loss;
* chest pain (especially when you breathe), dry cough, wheezing,
feeling short of breath;
* cold sores, sores on your genital or anal area;
* rapid heart rate, feeling anxious or irritable, weakness or
prickly feeling, problems with balance or eye movement;
* trouble speaking or swallowing, severe lower back pain, loss of
bladder or bowel control; or
* swelling in your neck or throat (enlarged thyroid), menstrual
changes, impotence, loss of interest in sex.
Common side effects may include:
* nausea, vomiting;
* dizziness, drowsiness, trouble concentrating;
* mild skin rash;
* headache, tired feeling;
* sleep problems (insomnia), strange dreams; or
* changes in the shape or location of body fat (especially in your
arms, legs, face, neck, breasts, and waist).
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call
your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side
effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
What is the most important information I should know about efavirenz
(Sustiva)?
Do not take efavirenz together with Atripla (combination efavirenz,
emtricitabine, and tenofovir), unless your doctor tells you to.
Sustiva Patient Information including How Should I Take
HIV AIDS: Myths and Facts on Symptoms and Treatments
HIV AIDS Myths and Facts Slideshow Pictures
RxList
Take the HIV/AIDS Quiz
AIDS Retrospective:Pictorial Timeline of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic
AIDS Retrospective Slideshow Pictures
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking efavirenz
(Sustiva)?
You should not use this medicine if you have ever had a severe allergic
reaction to efavirenz. Do not take with Atripla (combination efavirenz,
emtricitabine, and tenofovir), unless your doctor tells you to.
To make sure efavirenz is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have:
* liver disease (including hepatitis B or C);
* seizures or epilepsy;
* a history of mental illness, injection drug use, or taking an
anti-psychotic medicine;
* heart disease or long QT syndrome;
* high cholesterol or triglycerides; or
* if you have ever taken delavirdine or nevirapine and they were not
effective in treating your condition.
Do not use efavirenz if you are pregnant. It could harm the unborn
baby. Use 2 forms of birth control, including a barrier form (such as a
condom or diaphragm with spermicide gel) while you are taking
efavirenz, and for at least 12 weeks after your last dose. Tell your
doctor if you become pregnant during treatment.
Hormonal contraception (birth control pills, injections, implants, skin
patches, and vaginal rings) may not be effective enough to prevent
pregnancy while you are taking efavirenz.
HIV can be passed to your baby if you are not properly treated during
pregnancy. Take all of your HIV medicines as directed to control your
infection.
Women with HIV or AIDS should not breast-feed a baby. Even if your baby
is born without HIV, the virus may be passed to the baby in your breast
milk.
How should I take efavirenz (Sustiva)?
Follow all directions on your prescription label. Do not take this
medicine in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended.
Efavirenz must be given in combination with other antiviral medications
and it should not be used alone. Your disease may become resistant to
efavirenz if you do not take it in combination with other HIV medicines
your doctor has prescribed.
Take efavirenz on an empty stomach at bedtime.
To make swallowing easier, you may open an efavirenz capsule and
sprinkle the medicine into a spoonful of applesauce, yogurt, or
grape jelly. You may also mix the medicine with infant formula
if you are giving the medicine to a baby. Swallow the mixture right
away. Do not save it for later use.
After taking efavirenz using the sprinkle method, do not eat for the
next 2 hours. Efavirenz mixed with infant formula should be given to
the baby right away. But do not feed the baby any more formula for at
least 2 hours afterward.
Efavirenz comes with instructions for mixing the capsule contents with
soft food or infant formula. Follow these directions carefully. Ask
your pharmacist if you have any questions.
Do not crush, chew, or break an efavirenz tablet. Swallow it whole with
liquid.
While using efavirenz, you may need frequent blood tests.
Efavirenz can cause you to have a false positive drug screening
test. If you provide a urine sample for drug screening, tell the
laboratory staff that you are taking efavirenz.
If a child is using this medicine, tell your doctor if the child has
any changes in weight. Efavirenz doses are based on weight in children,
and any changes may affect your child's dose.
Take efavirenz regularly to get the most benefit. Get your
prescriptions refilled before you run out of medicine completely.
Skipping doses may increase the risk of your virus becoming resistant
to antiviral medicine.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Read the medication guide provided with all your medications. Do not
change your doses or medication schedule without your doctor's advice.
Every person with HIV or AIDS should remain under the care of a doctor.
Sustiva Patient Information including If I Miss a Dose
HIV AIDS: Myths and Facts on Symptoms and Treatments
HIV AIDS Myths and Facts Slideshow Pictures
RxList
Take the HIV/AIDS Quiz
AIDS Retrospective:Pictorial Timeline of the HIV/AIDS Pandemic
AIDS Retrospective Slideshow Pictures
What happens if I miss a dose (Sustiva)?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if
it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra
medicine to make up the missed dose.
What happens if I overdose (Sustiva)?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at
1-800-222-1222.
What should I avoid while taking efavirenz (Sustiva)?
Efavirenz may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you
drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Drinking alcohol can increase certain side effects of efavirenz.
Taking this medication will not prevent you from passing HIV to other
people. Do not have unprotected sex or share razors or toothbrushes.
Talk with your doctor about safe ways to prevent HIV transmission
during sex. Sharing drug or medicine needles is never safe, even for a
healthy person.
What other drugs will affect efavirenz (Sustiva)?
Efavirenz may cause a serious heart problem if you use certain
medicines at the same time, including antibiotics, antidepressants,
antipsychotic medicines, stomach acid reducers, heart rhythm
medicine, and medicines to treat cancer, or malaria. Tell your
doctor about all medicines you use, and those you start or stop using
during your treatment with efavirenz.
Many drugs can interact with efavirenz. Not all possible interactions
are listed here. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines and
any you start or stop using, especially:
* any other HIV or AIDS medications;
* an antibiotic or antifungal medicine;
* anti-malaria medicine;
* cholesterol-lowering medicine;
* heart or blood pressure medicine;
* hepatitis C medication;
* medicine to prevent organ transplant rejection; or
* seizure medicine.
This list is not complete and many other drugs can interact with
efavirenz. This includes prescription and over-the-counter medicines,
vitamins, and herbal products. Give a list of all your medicines to any
healthcare provider who treats you.
Where can I get more information (Sustiva)?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about efavirenz.
__________________________________________________________________
Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of
children, never share your medicines with others, and use this
medication only for the indication prescribed.
Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by
Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete,
but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained
herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for
use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and
therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United
States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise.
Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or
recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational
resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring
for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a
supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill,
knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a
warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be
construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe,
effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume
any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the
aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is
not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions,
warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If
you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your
doctor, nurse or pharmacist.
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